Impurity of disbelievers

Reposted

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As-salamu alaikum wa rahmatu Llah.

In Mukhtasar of Imam Ahmed al-Qurayshi, it says that the unbelievers are impure. On what text this is based ?

Does that mean they are physically unclean ? For exemple, if I shake hands with an infidel that transpires, I have to wash my hands ? If a disbeliever drinking in my water bottle, I can not make ablution with this water ? If their hair is on me while I pray, my prayer is invalid ?

May Allah bless you.

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Wa alaykum as salaam wa rahmatullahi!

Thank you for your question! As for the impurity of the disbelievers, it is based upon the explicit text (nass) of the Qur'an. Allah, the Exalted, says: {Verily, the idolaters are impure so do not let them come near the Sacred Mosque after their final year…} (Q. 9:28).

It is also based upon narrated traditions of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny.
1. It is narrated on the authority of Abi Tha’laba al-Khushani: I said “O Messenger of Allah, should we keep what’s in the land of the People of the Book or should we give it to them if they ask for it?” He replied: ((Wash it and cook in it)).
--The command to wash the items of the People of the Book not only indicates that the items of the idolaters are impure and must be washed, but it is also a proof that the People of the Book are also included as being considered ritually impure. They are not differentiated from other idolaters in this respect.

2. It is narrated that a delegation of Thaqīf came to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny, and met them in the mosque. They said: “O Messenger of Allah, these people are impure (anjās)”. Allah’s Messenger replied: ((There’s nothing on the earth that people render impure, rather it is their own selves that they render impure)).
--This is an explicit proof demonstrating the impurity of the idolaters.

3. It is narrated on the authority of ‘Ali bin Abi Tālib, upon him be peace: Allah’s Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny, returned while I was with him, and came upon a man from the Anŝār. He purified himself for the prayer and we left. Hudhayfa bin al-Yamāni came. Allah’s Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny, beckoned to him and he approached. Allah’s Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny, reached for Hudhayfa’s forearm to support himself. Hudhayfa then pulled his arm away. Allah’s Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny, objected and said: ((What’s the matter with you, Hudhayfa?)) He replied: “I am in the state of ritual impurity.” He replied: ((Extend your arm, for the Muslim is not rendered ritually impure \[by you touching him])). He then placed his hand on his arm while it was wet.
--This is an implicit proof that idolaters are ritually impure because the Muslims are said to not render something ritually impure by touching with a wet limb. This also indicates that the meaning of this is that ritually impurity is transmitted through water.

It is not necessary to wash your hands after shaking hands unless the hand was wet. Water transmits impurity.

And Allah knows best!

IRS