Partnership

There are two types: in the properties and in the profits.

So when two people or group become partners in an industry, farming, or the like, then they have to be sincere and they should never betray each other. No one from them will have the right to take more than the others, even if he did more effort. A contract between them has to be written, in which all the details and the articles that they have agreed on must appear, especially if they were from the same family, to avoid fighting and disputes.

Regarding the partners in properties [i.e. real-estates]: They have to do good to their neighbours, as Allah, Exalted be He, said: {...the neighbour who is near of kin, the neighbour who is a stranger...} (Q. 4:36).The person should never harm his partner nor abuse him. As the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny, said: ((There should be neither harm nor malice in Islam)).

Will and Testament

The deathly ill person must repent immediately and get rid of all the due rights of the creatures, like any loan or grievance; as well as all the due rights of Allah, like the purification dues, expiation of breakfasting in Ramadan, or expiation, or anything like this. If he neglected doing it, or did it for the one who does not deserve it according to laws of the Islamic Law, he will have to dedicate money to pay the above mentioned and to get closer to Allah as much as he can. This amount shall be one-third from his wealth. It is forbidden if he dedicated more than the one-third of his wealth, or if he intended to prevent an inheritor like most of the ignorant people do.

Regarding the dividing: Its condition is that the one who is responsible for dividing must know the legal ways according to the Islamic Law and must be in the presence of the owners or their delegated persons.

The different forms of inheritances must be evaluated by its true value. It is a religious obligation that two just experts attend the evaluation process; one expert is not enough. They have to do well the evaluation by weight, by area, and by the correct measurement. They have to do it correctly after taking into account the roads and the facilities. By the way that does not harm any of the two partners as well as possible, their reward is to be paid according to their effort.